What is the primary concern of the Fourth Amendment in relation to law enforcement?

The primary concern of the Fourth Amendment is the protection against unreasonable searches and seizures. This amendment is fundamental to ensuring individual privacy and security against arbitrary intrusions by the government. It mandates that law enforcement must have probable cause and, in most cases, a warrant to conduct searches or make arrests, thereby providing a legal framework that balances the needs of law enforcement with the rights of individuals. This protection is essential for maintaining trust in the justice system and upholding the principles of personal liberty and privacy that are foundational to American democracy.

Other options, while significant in their own rights, do not pertain specifically to the Fourth Amendment. The right to bear arms is addressed in the Second Amendment, due process is covered under the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments, and the powers of Congress are outlined in Article I of the U.S. Constitution.